In-Vivo R&D
Bioquark Inc. is studying BQ-A, in a variety of pre-clinical animal models of disease to highlight its
broad therapeutic applicability across a range of therapeutic repair and regeneration indications.

As sampling of these encouraging top line results follow below.
Melanoma / Oncology

Melanoma is the most dangerous type of skin cancer and is the leading cause of death from skin
disease, with 48,000 related deaths occuring worldwide, and 160,000 new cases diagnosed
annualy.

While current treatment protocols include surgical removal, chemotherapy,
immunotherapy, and radiation, the prognosis in advanced disease is very poor, with a five
year survival rate less than 10%, and a median survival rate of 6 to 12 months.

Utilizing murine melanoma models, we were able to demonstrate that short term, stand alone
treatment with BQ-A was able to both dramatically shrink tumor size and prevent new tumor
formation.

Melanoma Treatment Model
Melanoma Invasiveness Biomarkers

Furthermore, investigation of various biomarkers of tumor invasiveness were also shown to
decline significantly, highlighting genomic repair and reprogramming of cell fate.
Traumatic Brain Injury

Traumatic brain injury (TBI), when a sudden trauma causes damage to the brain, is a major cause
of death and disability worldwide.  It is estimated that close to 2 million people sustain a TBI
annually in the U.S. alone.

Primary causes of TBI include falls, vehicle accidents, and violence, with permanent disability
effecting a majority of both moderate and severe injuries.

Little is done currently to reverse initial brain damage from TBI, with a focus on stabilization,
insuring oxygen supply, blood flow, and controlling blood pressure.  

Additionally, 40% of all people killed by TBI do not die right away, but rather days to weeks after
the event.  Secondary injury, which involves a complex set of destructive cellular processes and
biochemical cascades, leads ultimately to brain death.

No medications exist to halt either the progression of secondary injury or regenerate brain
tissues.

Using a standard weight drop murine model of TBI, we were able to demonstrate both significant
improvement in gross anatomical changes, as well as reductions in B-amyloid protein expression,
with short term treatment with BQ-A.

TBI Treatment Model / B-Amyloid Expression
TBI- Morris Water Navigation Task

Additionally, marked improvements in hippocampus impaired spatial learning and memory was
also seen using the Morris Water Navigation Task behavioral procedure.
Alopecia / Wrinkles / Dermatology

BQ-A is also being evaluated by Bioquark Inc. in a variety of dermatological indications.

Alopecia (loss of hair from the head or body) and skin wrinkling are two of these indications.

Initial results show promising preliminary results against these targets.
Induced Alopecia Model
Squalene Monohydroperoxide Induced Wrinkling Model
Melanoma Prevention Model